Female genital cosmetic surgery:reflections from an ethical and evidence-based perspective

Abstract

EIn recent years, female genital cosmetic surgery has assumed a prom-
inent position within modern gynecological practice, driven by the desire of many women to improve the appearance or function of their external genitalia when they perceive that these do not meet an idealized aesthetic standard. This demand has stimulated the development of both surgical and non-surgical interventions—including the use of lasers—that claim to offer aesthetic as well as functional benefits.